Common American Species by Habitat

Grassland Mammals of North and South America

Antilocapra americana (pronghorn)—western North America

Bison bison (American bison)—western North America

Lama guanicoe (guanaco)—western South America

Lama pacos (alpaca)—western South America

Vicugna vicugna (vicuña)—western South America

Odocoileus hemionus (mule deer)—western North America

Cervus elaphus (elk or red deer)—Northern Hemisphere

Lepus californicus (black-tailed jackrabbit)—southwestern North America

Lepus townsendii (white-tailed jackrabbit)—northwestern North America

Sylvilagus audubonii (desert cottontail)—southwestern North America

Geomys bursarius (Plains pocket gopher)—western North America

Dipodomys ordii (Ord’s kangaroo rat)—western North America

Perognathus flavescens (Plains pocket mouse)—central North America

Erethizon dorsatum (North American porcupine)—North America

Zapus princeps (western jumping mouse)—western North America

Zapus hudsonius (meadow jumping mouse)—eastern North America

Neotoma floridana (eastern wood rat)—eastern North America

Onychomys leucogaster (northern grasshopper mouse)—western North America

Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse)—North America

Reithrodontomys megalotis (western harvest mouse)—western North America

Sigmodon arizonae (Arizona cotton rat)—southern North America to northern South America

Cynomys leucurus (white-tailed prairie dog)—western North America

Spermophilus variegatus (rock squirrel)—southwestern North America

Canis latrans (coyote)—North and Central America

Urocyon cinereoargenteus (gray fox)—southern North America and Central America

Vulpes vulpes (red fox)—Northern Hemisphere

Mustela nigripes (black-footed ferret)—North America

Neovison vison (American mink)—North America

Taxidea taxus (American badger)—central North America

Procyon lotor (northern raccoon)—North America to northern South America

Ursus arctos (brown bear)—Northern Hemisphere

Lynx rufus (bobcat)—North America

Puma concolor (cougar or mountain lion)—North and South America

Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo)—North and South America

Forest Mammals of North and South America

Alces americanus (moose)—northern North America

Alces alces (Eurasian elk)—northern North America and Europe

Odocoileus hemionus (mule deer)—western North America

Odocoileus virginianus (white-tailed deer)—North and Central America

Rangifer tarandus (caribou)—Circumpolar

Cervus elaphus (elk or red deer)—Northern Hemisphere

Lepus americanus (snowshoe hare)—northern North America

Lepus townsendii (white-tailed jackrabbit)—northwestern North America

Sylvilagus floridanus (eastern cottontail)—eastern North America and northwestern South America

Castor canadensis (American beaver)—North America

Erethizon dorsatum (North American porcupine)—North America

Neotoma floridana (eastern wood rat)—eastern North America

Neotoma lepida (desert wood rat)—western North America

Neotoma mexicana (Mexican wood rat)—southwestern North America and Central America

Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse)—North AmericaReithrodontomys megalotis (western harvest mouse)—western North America

Sigmodon arizonae (Arizona cotton rat)—southern North America to northern South America

Sciurus carolinensis (eastern gray squirrel)—eastern North America

Sciurus niger (eastern fox squirrel)—eastern and central North America

Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (red squirrel)—North America

Marmota monax (woodchuck)—North America

Tamias striatus (eastern chipmunk)—eastern North America

Canis latrans (coyote)—North and Central America

Canis lupus (gray wolf)—Northern Hemisphere

Urocyon cinereoargenteus (gray fox)—southern North America and Central America

Vulpes vulpes (red fox)—Northern Hemisphere

Mephitis mephitis (striped skunk)—North America

Mustela frenata (long-tailed weasel)—North America to northern South America

Neovison vison (American mink)—North America

Procyon lotor (northern raccoon)—North America to northern South America

Ursus americanus (American black bear)—North America

Ursus arctos (brown bear)—Northern Hemisphere

Lynx canadensis (Canada lynx)—northern North America

Lynx rufus (bobcat)—North America

Puma concolor (cougar or mountain lion)—North and South America

Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo)—North and South America

Didelphis virginiana (Virginia opossum)—North and Central America

Mountain Mammals of North and South America

Oreamnos americanus (mountain goat)—northwestern North America

Ovis canadensis (bighorn sheep)—western North America

Lama glama (llama)—western South America

Lama pacos (alpaca)—western South America

Alces alces (Eurasian elk)—northern North America and Europe

Odocoileus hemionus (mule deer)—western North America

Cervus elaphus (elk or red deer)—Northern Hemisphere

Lepus townsendii (white-tailed jackrabbit)—northwestern North America

Erethizon dorsatum (North American porcupine)—North America

Zapus hudsonius (meadow jumping mouse)—eastern North America

Neotoma mexicana (Mexican wood rat)—southwestern North America and Central America

Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse)—North America

Reithrodontomys megalotis (western harvest mouse)—western North America

Canis latrans (coyote)—North and Central America

Canis lupus (gray wolf)—Northern Hemisphere

Vulpes vulpes (red fox)—Northern Hemisphere

Taxidea taxus (American badger)—central North America

Ursus arctos (brown bear)—Northern Hemisphere

Lynx rufus (bobcat)—North America

Puma concolor (cougar or mountain lion)—North and South America

Desert Mammals of North and South America

Antilocapra americana (pronghorn)—western North America

Ovis canadensis (bighorn sheep)—western North America

Odocoileus hemionus (mule deer)—western North America

Lepus californicus (black-tailed jackrabbit)—southwestern North America

Lepus townsendii (white-tailed jackrabbit)—northwestern North America

Sylvilagus audubonii (desert cottontail)—southwestern North America

Dipodomys ordii (Ord’s kangaroo rat)—western North America

Perognathus flavescens (Plains pocket mouse)—Central North America

Erethizon dorsatum (North American porcupine)—North AmericaNeotoma lepida (desert wood rat)—western North America

Onychomys leucogaster (northern grasshopper mouse)—western North America

Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse)—North America

Reithrodontomys megalotis (western harvest mouse)—western North America

Cynomys leucurus (white-tailed prairie dog)—western North America

Canis latrans (coyote)—North and Central America

Vulpes vulpes (red fox)—Northern Hemisphere

Taxidea taxus (American badger)—central North America

Ursus arctos (brown bear)—Northern Hemisphere

Lynx rufus (bobcat)—North America

Puma concolor (cougar or mountain lion)—North and South America

Freshwater Fish of North America

Lepisosteus osseus (longnose gar)—eastern North America

Lepisosteus oculatus (spotted gar)—eastern North America

Lepisosteus platyrhincus (Florida gar)—eastern North America

Lepisosteus platostomus (shortnose gar)—eastern North America

Atractosteus spatula (alligator gar)—eastern North America

Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish)—northern North America

Ameiurus natalis (yellow bullhead)—eastern North America

Ameiurus melas (black bullhead)—North America

Alosa pseudoharengus (alewife or herring)—northeastern North America

Aplodinotis grunniens (freshwater drum)—eastern North America

Salmo salar (Atlantic salmon)—North Atlantic

Oncorhynchus keta (Pacific salmon)—North Pacific

Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)—western North America

Amia calva (bowfin)—eastern North America

Esox lucius (northern pike)—North America and Eurasia

Micropterus salmoides (bigmouth bass)—eastern North America

Micropterus dolomieu (smallmouth bass)—eastern North America

Morone chrysops (white bass)—North America

Perca flavescens (yellow perch)—eastern North America

Brackish Water Fish of North America

Lepisosteus oculatus (spotted gar)—eastern North America

Lepisosteus platyrhincus (Florida gar)—eastern North America

Atractosteus spatula (alligator gar)—eastern North America

Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish)—northern North America

Gadus morhua (Atlantic cod)—North Atlantic

Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)—western North America

Saltwater Fish of North America

Lepisosteus osseus (longnose gar)—eastern North America

Alosa pseudoharengus (alewife or herring)—northeastern North America

Pogonias cromis (black drum)—eastern North America

Gadus morhua (Atlantic cod)—North Atlantic

Salmo salar (Atlantic salmon)—North Atlantic

Oncorhynchus keta (Pacific salmon)—North Pacific

Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)—western North America

Sebastes caurinus (copper rockfish)—western North America

Sebastes marinus (red rockfish or red snapper)—Pacific

Theragra chalcogramma (Alaska pollock)—northern Pacific

Clupea harengus (Atlantic herring)—northern Atlantic

Clupea pallasii (Pacific herring)—northern Pacific

Hippoglossus stenolepis (Pacific halibut)—Pacific

Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Atlantic halibut)—Atlantic

Waterfowl, Seabirds, and Shorebirds

Gavia immer (common loon)—Summer–northern North America, Winter–North America

Podiceps auritus (horned grebe)—Summer–northern North America, Winter–North America

Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (American white pelican)—Summer–inland North America, Winter–coastal southern North America

Branta canadensis (Canada goose)—Summer–northern North America, winter–southern North America

Aix sponsa (wood duck)—Summer–North America, Winter–southern North America

Anas platyrhynchos (mallard)—Worldwide

Anas discors (blue-winged teal)—Summer–North America, Winter–southern North American and South America

Pandion haliaetus (osprey)—worldwide

Ardea herodias (great blue heron)—Summer–North and Central America, Winter–North, Central, and South America

Fulica americana (American coot or mud hen)—Summer–northern North America, Winter–southern North America

Larus californicus (Californian gull)—western North America

Birds of Prey

Cathartes aura (turkey vulture)—North and South America

Haliaeetus leucocephalus (bald eagle)—North America

Buteo jamaicensis (red-tailed hawk)—North and Central America

Bubo virginianus (great horned owl)—North and South America

Tyto alba (barn owl)—Worldwide

Game Birds

Meleagris gallopavo (wild turkey)—North America Forests

Bonasa umbellus (ruffed grouse)—North America Forests

Colinus virginianus (northern bobwhite)—North and Central America, Forest and Grassland

Common Birds

Columba livia (common pigeon)—worldwide

Corvus brachyrhynchos (American crow)—North America

Corvus corax (common raven)—worldwide

Common Amphibians

Ambystoma tigrinum (tiger salamander)—North America—Forest and Grassland

Spea bombifrons (plains spadefoot toad)—North America—Desert and Grassland

Rana catesbeiana (North American bullfrog)—North America—All (water dependent)

Rana pipiens (northern leopard frog)—North America—Grassland and Forest

Bufo americanus (American toad)—North America—all

Reptiles

Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle)—eastern North America—Fresh or brackish water

Kinosternon flavescens (yellow mud turtle)—central North America—Freshwater

Sternotherus odoratus (common musk turtle)—eastern North America—Freshwater

Terrapene Carolina (box turtle)—eastern North America—Forest or Grassland

Pseuduemys concinna (river cooter)—eastern North America—Fresh or brackish water

Chrysemys picta (painted turtle)—North America—Freshwater

Gopherus polyphemus (gopher tortoise)—southeastern North America—Desert or Forest

Crotaphytus collaris (collared lizard)—western North America—Rock outcrops

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