{"id":9,"date":"2023-01-17T18:19:42","date_gmt":"2023-01-17T18:19:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/?page_id=9"},"modified":"2023-01-18T23:33:17","modified_gmt":"2023-01-18T23:33:17","slug":"tools","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/tools\/","title":{"rendered":"Tools of the Trade"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tools of the Trade Checklist<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Plastic or metal trays greater than 8\u201d x 11\u201d\u2014available at neighborhood discount stores <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Denture Brush\u2014available at the neighborhood discount store <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dental Picks\u2014available from science supply companies <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>10X Magnifying Loop\u2014available from science supply companies <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paper glue (Elmer\u2019s or similar)\u2014Available at office supply stores <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clean quartz sand\u2014Available at science supply stores <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Small containers\u2014Available at neighborhood discount stores <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Animal Diversity Web &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu\">http:\/\/animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu<\/a> <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bone Atlases &#8211; see list below Sliding calipers\u2014available at your local hardware store or through science supply companies <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Permits to collect road kill and migratory birds \u2013 if required by your local government <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stereomicroscope or digital microscope for viewing taphonomic signatures at 50X magnification\u2013available at science supply stores, electronics stores, or a science classroom<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recommended Bone Atlases<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Mammals<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mammal Remains from Archaeological Sites (Olsen 1964) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Atlas of Animal Bones (Schmid 1972) Mammalian Zooarchaeology, Alaska (Smith 1979) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A Key to the Postcranial Skeletal Remains of Cattle\/Bison, Elk, and Horse (Brown and Gustafson 1979) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An Osteology of Some Maya Mammals (Olsen 1982) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A Guide to Post-Cranial Bones of East African Animals (Walker 1985) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Osteology of the South American Camelids (Pacheco Torres et al. 1986) Mammalian Osteology (Gilbert 1990) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Teeth (Hillson 1990) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Illustrated Key to Skulls of Genera of North American Land Mammals (Jones and Manning 1992) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skulls and Bones: A Guide to the Skeletal Structures and Behavior of North American Mammals (Seafross 1995) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mammal Bones and Teeth: An Introductory Guide to Methods of Identification (Hillson 1996)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Fish<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fish, Amphibian, and Reptile Remains from Archaeological Sites (Olsen 1968) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marine Fish Osteology: A Manual for Archaeologists (Cannon 1987)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Birds<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mexican Macaws. Comparative Osteology and Survey of Remains from the Southwest (Hargrave 1970) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Osteology for the Archaeologist (Olsen 1979) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A Manual for the Identification of Bird Bones from Archaeological Sites (Cohen and Serjeantson 1996) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avian Osteology (Gilbert et al. 1996) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Identification of Waterfowl Breastbones and Avian Osteology (Sterna) of North American Anseriformes (Oates et al. 2003)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Amphibians<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fish, Amphibian, and Reptile Remains from Archaeological Sites (Olsen 1968)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Reptiles<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Osteology of the Reptiles (Romer 1956) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fish, Amphibian, and Reptile Remains from Archaeological Sites (Olsen 1968) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A Turtle Atlas to Facilitate Archaeological Identification (Sobolik and Steele 1996)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bone Atlas Full References<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Brown, C. L., and C. E. Gustafson. 1979. A Key to Postcranial Skeletal Remains of Cattle\/Bison, Elk, and Horse. Reports of investigations; no. 57. Pullman: Laboratory of Anthropology Washington State University. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cannon, D. Y. 1987. Marine Fish Osteology: A Manual for Archaeologists. Burnaby, BC: Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cohen, A., and D. Serjeantson. 1996. A Manual for the Identification of Bird Bones from Archaeological Sites. London: Archetype Publications. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gilbert, B. M. 1990. Mammalian Osteology. Columbia: Missouri Archaeological Society. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gilbert, B. M., L. D. Martin, and H. G. Savage. 1996. Avian Osteology. Columbia: Missouri Archaeological Society. Hargrave, L. L. 1970. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mexican Macaws: Comparative Osteology and Survey of Remains from the Southwest. Anthropological papers of the University of Arizona; No. 20. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hillson, S. 1990. Teeth. Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hillson, S. 1996. Mammal Bones and Teeth: An Introductory Guide to Methods of Identification. London: Institute of Archaeology, University College. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jones, J. K., and R. W. Manning. 1992. Illustrated Key to Skulls of Genera of North American Land Mammals. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Oates, D. W., E. D. Boyd, and J. S. Ramaekers. 2003. Identification of Waterfowl Breastbones and Avian Osteology (Sterna) of North American Anseriformes. Special Publication Number 10. Martinsville: Virginia Museum of Natural History. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Olsen, S. J. 1964. Mammal Remains from Archaeological Sites. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, v. 56, no. 1. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum, Harvard University. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Olsen, S. J. 1968. Fish, Amphibian, and Reptile Remains from Archaeological Sites. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, vol. 56, no. 2. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum, Harvard University. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Olsen, S. J. 1979. Osteology for the Archaeologist. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, v. 56, nos. 3\u20135. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum, Harvard University. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Olsen, S. J. 1982. An Osteology of Some Maya Mammals. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, v. 73. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pacheco Torres, V. R., A. A. Enciso, and E. G. Porras. 1986. The Osteology of the South American Camelids. Archaeological Research Tools Vol. 3. Los Angeles: University of California Institute of Archaeology. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Romer, A. S. 1956. Osteology of the Reptiles. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Schmid, E. 1972. Atlas of Animal Bones. For Prehistorians, Archaeologists, and Quaternary Geologists. Amsterdam, NY: Elsevier. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seafross, G. 1995. Skulls and Bones: A Guide to the Skeletal Structures and Behavior of North American Mammals. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Serjeantson, D. 2009. Birds. Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Smith, G. S. 1979. Mammalian Zooarchaeology, Alaska: A Manual for Identifying and Analyzing Mammal Bones from Archaeological Sites in Alaska. Anthropology and Historic Preservation, Cooperative Park Studies Unit. Occasional Paper No 18. Fairbanks: University of Alaska. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sobolik, K. D., and D. G. Steele.1996. A Turtle Atlas to Facilitate Archaeological Identifications. Mammoth Site of Hot Springs, South Dakota,in conjunction with the Office of Research and Public Services, University of Maine. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Walker, R. 1985. A Guide to Post-cranial Bones of East African Animals. Norwich, Eng.: Hylochoerus Press.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tools of the Trade Checklist Recommended Bone Atlases Mammals Fish Birds Amphibians Reptiles Bone Atlas Full References Brown, C. L., and C. E. Gustafson. 1979. A Key to Postcranial Skeletal Remains of Cattle\/Bison, Elk, and Horse. Reports of investigations; no. 57. Pullman: Laboratory of Anthropology Washington State University. Cannon, D. Y. 1987. Marine Fish Osteology: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13,"href":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9\/revisions\/13"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aprilbeisaw.com\/identifyingbones\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}